Horatio j



Patented Aug. 11, 1885.

(No Model.)

f I-I. J. BREWER.

GALVANIG BATTERY. No. 323,902.

c. f W. W,

N. Pneus Pmeumognphar. walmngm n.c.

not fully shown.

l UNITED STATES HORATIO J. BREVER,

GALVANIC OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

BATTE RY.

SnPECFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 323,902, dated August1l, 1885.

(No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, Herminio J. BREWER, of the city, county, and Stateot' New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in GalvanicBatteries, of which the following is a full, true, and exactdescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to an improvement in galvanicv batteries. It isshown as applied to a form of cell patented to me on the 23d day of May,1882, and on. the 15th day of January, 1884, the difference being mainlyin the form ofthe electro-negative element. I have found that a verybeneficial result and a greatly increased efficiency in the battery areobtained by exposing a large surface of the electro-negative element tothe excitingliquid. I therefore propose to make my electronegativeelement star-shaped in cross-sectionthat is, having three or moreprojections or ribs exposed on both sides to the action of theexciting-liquid. This electro-negative pole may be either of carbonconglomerate, or it may be of a compound of carbon with the conglomeratepatented to G. L. Leclanch November 16, 1880, or it may be composed oconglomerate entirely. By using a rod of zinc and the peculiar-shapedelectro-negative element shown the zinc can be brought closely betweentwo of the wings of the electro-negative body. The preferable methodofmaking my electro negative element is, however, shown in the drawings,in which I employ a compound element of carbon and another more stronglyelectro-negative conglomerate.

My invention will be readily understood from the accompanying drawings,in which Figure 1 represents a vertical section of my battery; Fig. 2, across-section through Fig. 1 on the line y y, Fig. 1 being across-section through Fig. 2 on the line me. Y

Similar letters refer to similar parts in the drawings.

A represents asuitable inclosing-jar; B, the electro-negative element;C, the zinc; D, the cover, which is shown as sealed in the cell byparaftine E.

Theparticular construction of my cell,other than that of theelectro-negative element, is

The electro-negative element, as shown, consists of a central carbonrod, F. Surrounding and attached to this are the wings G G G. Thiselement is made in a mold by pressing together irmly the pole F and thewings G, and thereafter heating them together to a suitable temperatureto drive out the cementing material without destroying the effective.parts of the electro-negative element. The carbon compound andthe elec-`tro-negative wings are of course putin in asoft condition and meltedtogether. If desired, as before stated, the element might be made of themore strongly electro-negative material alone `or entirely of a carboncompound; but by using the form shown I am enabled to utilize theconducting power of carbon and the strongly electro-negative quality ofthe compound, said compound not being so good a conductor as the carbonwithin it. I may likewise make my element by making the upper part ofcarbon and the lower part of carbon conglomeratethat is, only the upperpart of the wings and the center may be of carbon, or the carbon rod mayextend only partly down through the electro-negative element. I proposeto attach a binding-screw, K, to my electro-negative element by placingit in a cup-shaped recess in the upper end of the carbon, and thenpouring in vmelted lead L or other suitable material around it. rlhislead I may cover with sealing-wax M, and then place a washer, N, uponthat. I do not limit myself to this method of making a connection; butany other suitable one may be used. As will be seen, the zinc rod islocated in the opening between two of the wings of the electro-negativeelement, and

the rib P, molded in the glass bottom, separates the lower end of thezinc from the lower end of the electro-negative element. In certaincases I inclose the lower part of my zinc rod in a porous cup, WV. Thisporous cup serves, further, to prevent any accidental contact with thecarbon element.

Instead of making the center rod, F, of the carbon element of carbon, insome cases I may make it of metal, though I prefer carbon. Vhen makingit of metal, I may use brass, and preferably cut a screw-thread orvotherrib upon its surface to insure good contact. It is obvious, likewise,that the size of the ribs is not essential, and they may not extend sofar IOO asshown, and in some eases they need not eX- tend all the wayaround the center conductor, but may be arranged on two sides thereof7so as to increase the effective surface.

That I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

l. The improved electro-negative element shown, consisting of two partsof different materials, one part being of a rod of comparatively goodconducting material and the other of wings or projections of acomparatively good depolarizing material, substantial] y as described.

2. The combination, in an electronegative element, of a centralsupporting-core consisting of a compound composed substantially of purecarbon, and having attached to it and integral therewith three or moreribs or plates projecting radially from the center and formed of acompound more strongly electro-negative than carbon, substantially asdescribed.

3. The combination, in an electro-negative element, of a centralsupportingeore consisting of a compound composed substantially of purecarbon, and having attached to it and integral therewith three or moreribs or plates projecting radially from the center and formed of acompound more strongly electro-negative than carbon, with a zinc rodlocated between the said ribs, substantially as described.

4. The combination, in an electronegative element, of' a cent1 alsupportingcore consist ing of a compound composed substantially of purecarbon, and having attached to it and integral therewith three or moreribs or plates projecting radially from the eenterand formed of acompound more strongly electro negative than carbon, and provided at itsupper extremity with a binding-cup attached to the carbousupport by anintermediate lead filling, substantially as described.

5. The improved electro-negative element shown, which consists of acentral rod oili' relatively good conductivity surrouuded by three ormore projecting plates formed of a conglomerate made in whole or in partof carbon, substantiall y as described.

6. The combination of a Zinc rod, C, and inclosing porous casing W, forthe purpose of preventing contact oi' the zinc rod with the carbonelement of a battery, substantially as described.

7. The combination of the zinc rod, porous casing embracing said rod,and the electronegative element provided with projecting wings, the saidZinc being arranged between the wings, substantially as described.

HOR ATIO J. BREWER.

Vitnesses:

GEO. H. EvANs, XVM. A. PoLLooii.

